Since 1968, Brown and Caldwell engineers have designed more than 30 cooling storage systems, many of them for retrofits. These systems have produced substantial savings by reducing equipment first cost, maintenance cost, and demand and energy costs. The reduction in demand cost is the most important advantage; storage systems can dramatically decrease the amount of energy cost attributable to demand. In addition, by decreasing the amount of equipment required, storage systems often save substantial amounts in equipment, space, and maintenance costs.